Virtual reality a double-edged sword in the loneliness epidemic

The global loneliness epidemic has only been exacerbated by the Covid-19 pandemic and lockdown measures. With limited access to social connectedness, individuals are experiencing feelings of isolation or loneliness irrespective of their socio-economic demographic. Technology during the pandemic has played a vital role in maintaining social interactions but has also had detrimental effects. Virtual reality is considered a double-edged sword that presents some positive potential to fight loneliness but also several risks and limitations. In this article, we will explore the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on loneliness and social isolation, the role of technology in the loneliness epidemic, the potential use of virtual reality to combat loneliness and the steps that can be taken to address the global loneliness epidemic.

What is loneliness and social isolation?

Loneliness and social isolation defined

Loneliness and social isolation are distinct yet related concepts. Loneliness is a subjective state of negative emotions that arises when an individual feels disconnected from other people and society as a whole. Social isolation refers to the objective absence of social relationships, which could occur voluntarily or involuntarily. An individual can feel lonely despite having social relationships, while someone who is socially isolated may not necessarily feel lonely.

What causes loneliness and social isolation?

A range of factors could contribute to loneliness and social isolation, including life experiences such as the loss of a loved one or a change in social circumstances like retirement. However, the prevalence of loneliness and social isolation seems to be on the rise due to technological advancements and the influence of social media.

How common is loneliness and social isolation?

According to a survey conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau in March 2020, one in three Americans reported feeling lonely. In the same survey, over 20% of adults aged 50 or older reported feeling lonely or socially isolated. The Covid-19 pandemic and social distancing measures have only exacerbated these numbers in 2021 and 2022.

How does technology contribute to loneliness and social isolation?

The influence of social media

While social media platforms, like Facebook and Twitter, are designed to promote social interaction, they often have the opposite effect. Studies show that excessive use of social media contributes to feelings of loneliness and boredom. The facades that individuals portray on these platforms often create unrealistic comparisons, and individuals can feel left out or disconnected if they cannot keep up with this digital world.

The effect of virtual communication

Virtual communication tools like Zoom and Skype have undeniably helped people stay connected with friends and family during the Covid-19 pandemic. However, it cannot replace the physical intimacy of actual face to face communication. The constant need for virtual communication on these platforms can lead to ‘digital fatigue’ and feelings of isolation and loneliness.

The downside of increased screen time

The dependence on technology and increased screen time has been linked to anxiety and depression. Individuals often spend hours scrolling through social media and staring at a screen. Such over-exposure to technology can also lead to feelings of loneliness and disconnection from the real world.

Can virtual reality help fight loneliness and social isolation?

The potential of VR for social interaction

Virtual reality presents a new realm of possibilities for social interaction. Individuals can connect with one another in a virtual world to undertake recreational activities or support groups. In some instances, individuals can create a personalized avatar that mimics their appearance and movements that can aid in reducing social anxiety. For older adults, who might have mobility issues, virtual reality affords them an opportunity to interact with others and participate in activities that they might not have the capacity to do physically.

The role of VR in physical activity and health

Virtual reality holds significant potential in terms of physical activity and health. Programs have been designed utilizing virtual reality which allows individuals to exercise with others in a virtual world. Access to fitness trainers or peers during exercise can increase individuals’ overall wellness, keeping individuals motivated, and combating loneliness and boredom.

The risks and limitations of VR use

Virtual reality is still a relatively new technology, and its full potential is yet to be explored. While the technology can help combat feelings of loneliness and isolation, it can also create an excessive dependence on technology if not monitored correctly. Users who have motion sickness or vertigo symptoms might find that virtual reality sets off their symptoms, thereby reducing its potential benefits.

How has the COVID-19 pandemic worsened the loneliness and social isolation epidemic?

The impact of social distancing and lockdown measures

Social distancing measures were introduced to contain the spread of the coronavirus. However, these measures have, in-turn, led to an increase in social isolation. Isolation from social support and the absence of face-to-face communication have led to an increase in feelings of loneliness and disconnection.

The psychological effects of isolation and loneliness during a pandemic

The coronavirus pandemic has led to a sense of uncertainty, fear, and anxiety. Heightened feelings of loneliness during a pandemic can exacerbate these feelings of stress and anxiety, which could lead to poor mental and emotional health outcomes.

The role of technology and virtual reality in pandemic-induced loneliness

Technology has played a vital role during the pandemic in maintaining social activity. Virtual communication and virtual events have helped individuals stay connected during the pandemic. Still, the constant need for virtual communication and the absence of physical interaction can lead to ‘Zoom fatigue’ and increased feelings of isolation and loneliness.

What can be done to address the loneliness and social isolation epidemic?

The role of psychiatry and mental health services

Psychiatry and mental health services play an essential role in addressing loneliness and social isolation. These services can help individuals manage their mental health and provide support to create and develop social connections. Individuals can also participate in support groups to share life experiences and connect with others.

The importance of connectivity and social support

Connectivity and social support are crucial in combating loneliness and isolation. Individuals can make an effort to reach out to friends and family, particularly older adults who may not have access to technology or might have limited access. Programs like “phone Pals” and ‘check-in with your local community’ are some ways to support individuals to connect and share experiences.

The need for public health campaigns and community outreach

Public health campaigns can raise awareness about the prevalence of loneliness and the role that individuals and society can play in addressing it. Community outreach programs can support those at risk of or experiencing loneliness and social isolation. During the pandemic, community outreach programs could also provide support for those who may have lost support systems due to restrictions and lockdowns.

In conclusion, the double-edged sword that technology presents suggests that the use of virtual reality in combating loneliness and social isolation is both promising and challenging. Simultaneously, the Covid-19 pandemic has brought a heightened sense of the global loneliness epidemic, which will require pro-active steps to prevent its increasing prevalence in society. Therefore, preparing for the impacts of loneliness, promoting connectivity, and investing in mental health services is key to combatting the global loneliness epidemic.